Akwatin Nau'in Substation
Nau'in nau'in akwatin na'ura yana haɗa manyan kayan aiki na farko da ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki, mai canzawa da kayan aikin sakandare a cikin wani nau'i-nau'i biyu, shãfe haske, lalatawa da kuma akwatin waje mai motsi a cikin masana'anta.
Nau'in akwatin akwatin, wanda kuma aka sani da wurin da aka riga aka tsara ko kuma wanda aka riga aka tsara.Wata masana'anta ce da aka keɓance na cikin gida da waje ƙaramin na'urar rarraba wutar lantarki wanda ya haɗa da manyan kayan wutan lantarki, na'urori masu rarrabawa da ƙananan na'urorin rarraba wutar lantarki, waɗanda aka tsara bisa ga wani tsarin wayoyi.Wato, ayyuka na rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙananan wutar lantarki ana haɗa su ta jiki kuma an shigar da su a cikin tabbacin danshi, tabbacin tsatsa, ƙurar ƙura, tabbacin bera, hujjar wuta, anti-sata, mai hana zafi, cikakken rufewa. da akwatin tsarin karfe mai motsi, musamman dacewa da ginin grid na birni da canji.Sabon tashar tashar jiragen ruwa ce bayan tashar farar hula. Nau'in akwatin akwatin yana da amfani ga ma'adinai, masana'antu, filayen mai da iskar gas da tashoshin wutar lantarki.Yana maye gurbin ainihin ɗakin rarraba wutar lantarki na farar hula da tashar rarraba kuma ya zama sabon cikakken tsarin canjin wutar lantarki da kayan aikin rarrabawa.
Tsarin tashar nau'in akwatin
Gabaɗayan tsarin na'urar taswirar akwatin an raba shi zuwa sassa uku: babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki, na'urar rarraba wutar lantarki da na'urar rarraba wutar lantarki.
Dangane da bukatun tsarin, sulfur hexafluoride ko vacuum circuit breaker, zobe cibiyar sadarwa canji, load load da fuse za a iya zabar ga high-voltage canji.
Hakanan za'a iya shigar da na'urar aunawa a gefen babban matsi.Babban maɓalli da maɓallin shunt feeder ana shigar dasu gabaɗaya a gefen ƙananan wutan lantarki, wasu kuma suna shigar da na'urorin mai ba da wutar lantarki kai tsaye don ciyar da masu amfani da ƙananan wutar lantarki kai tsaye.Mai rarraba wutar lantarki gabaɗaya an nutsar da mai ko busasshen iri.
The high-voltage room of European box type substation ne gaba daya hada da high-voltage load switch, high-voltage fuse da walƙiya arrester, wanda zai iya dakatar da watsa wutar lantarki da kuma da obalodi da kuma short-kewaye kariya.The low-voltage dakin ya hada na low-voltage air switch, current transformer, ammeter, voltmeter, da dai sauransu.
Akwai nau'i biyu na akwatin, wato "mu" da "pin".Babban da ƙananan dakunan wutar lantarki da aka tsara a cikin siffar "mu" suna da fadi, wanda ya dace don gane tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na zobe na hanyar sadarwa na zobe ko haɗin wutar lantarki biyu.
Tsarin nau'in akwatin na'ura mai haɗawa ta Amurka ya kasu kashi na gaba da na baya.Bangaren gaba shine majalisar junction.Majalisar junction ɗin ta haɗa da tashoshi masu ƙarfi da ƙarancin wutar lantarki, na'urori masu ɗaukar nauyi mai ƙarfi, fis ɗin filogi, hannaye na masu canza fam ɗin wutar lantarki, mita matakin mai, mita zafin mai, da sauransu;Bangaren baya shine jikin tankin mai da kuma magudanar zafi.Canjin wutar lantarki, ƙarfin ƙarfe, babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki da fuse duk suna cikin tankin mai. Akwatin yana ɗaukar tsari mai cikakken tsari.Haɗe-haɗen nau'in akwatin tashar kwanan nan masana'antun gida ne suka haɓaka kuma ba a amfani da su sosai.Tsari ne mai nau'i biyu tare da ɗakuna masu tsayi da ƙananan ƙarfin da aka sanya akan ɗakin tafsiri.
Nau'in Turawa, Nau'in Amurka da na'urar canjin akwatin hadedde suna da fa'ida da rashin amfani nasu.Nau'in akwatin na'ura na Turai yana da babban girma.Maɗaukakin wutar lantarki da ƙananan wutan lantarki da masu canza wuta duk suna cikin babban harsashi.Yanayin ɓarkewar zafi ba su da kyau, kuma ana buƙatar shigar da na'urori masu shayarwa.Domin sanyaya fins ɗin na’uran na’ura kai tsaye tana watsar da zafi zuwa waje, yanayin sanyin akwatin na’urar na’urar na’urar na’ura na Amurka yana da kyau sosai, amma siffarsa ta fi ta irin ta Turai muni, kuma kamanninsa yana da wuyar daidaitawa da yanayin kore. na wuraren zama.Na'urar taswirar akwatin da aka haɗa tana da ƙasa kaɗan, kuma fa'idodinsa da rashin amfaninsa sun yi kama da na na'urar wutar lantarki ta Amurka.Bugu da kari, na'urar taswirar akwatin na Amurka da hadedde za a iya kera su ne kawai a kasar Sin da karfin da bai wuce 630kVA ba, yayin da nau'in akwatunan na Turai za su iya kaiwa 1250kva.
Nau'in akwatin na'ura na yau da kullun an kasu kashi uku:
(1) Babban ƙarfin lantarki switchgear model;
(2) Busassun nau'in gidan wutan lantarki;
(3) Low ƙarfin lantarki switchgear model.
Ma'anar alamomin haruffa uku na farko shine:
Nau'in da aka haɗa Z;B-gida;N (W) - na cikin gida (waje, na zaɓi);Nau'in akwatin X;Y-mobile.
Aiki da kuma kula da akwatin nau'in substation
(一) Abubuwan buƙatu na asali don aiki na nau'in akwati
1. The kasa a kan abin da akwatin irin kayan da aka sanya zai zama a wani wuri mafi girma maimakon a wani m wuri, don hana ruwan sama daga zuba a cikin akwatin da kuma tasiri aiki.Lokacin da ake yin dandali na kankare, za a tanadi tazara don sauƙaƙe shimfiɗa igiyoyi.
2. Dole ne a sami haɗin haɗin gwiwa guda biyu tsakanin akwatin da grid na ƙasa.Ƙarƙashin ƙasa da haɗin tsaka-tsaki na mai sauya akwatin na iya raba grid ɗin ƙasa iri ɗaya.Ana haɗa grid ɗin ƙasa gabaɗaya ta hanyar ɗorawa ƙasa a kusurwoyi huɗu na tushe.
3, Materials ba za a stacked a kusa da akwatin irin kayan aiki a take hakkin dokoki don tabbatar da samun iska na lantarki kayan aiki da kuma bukatun da aiki dubawa.Nau'in akwatin na'ura mai canzawa za a sanyaya shi ta yanayin yanayin iska, kuma ba za a toshe ƙofar ɗakin tafsirin ba.
4, The zobe cibiyar sadarwa canji, gidan wuta, walƙiya arrester da sauran kayan aiki a cikin high-ƙarfin wutar lantarki rarraba na'urar za a kai a kai dubawa da kuma kiyaye.Za a gyara lahanin da aka samu cikin lokaci.Za a gudanar da gwajin rigakafin rigakafi akai-akai.A lokacin aiki, za a cire kullin injin ɗin yadda ya kamata kuma a yi amfani da sandar rufi don aiki.
(二)Masu sintiri da kula da tasfoman akwatin akwatin taranfoma za su gudanar da sintiri na yau da kullun (ba da ƙasa da sau ɗaya a wata ba) bisa ga tsarin sintirin da kiyayewa, gwada yanayin zafi a haɗin tashoshin kebul, duba aikin kayan aiki, da aiwatar da aikin. gwaje-gwaje idan ya cancanta.
Abubuwan sintiri na gama-gari sune kamar haka:
1. Ko kafuwar ne da tabbaci kama, ko ramukan da aka katange, da kuma ko majalisar ministocin yana da danshi.
2, Ko grounding na'urar ne cikakken kuma da alaka, da kuma ko grounding juriya hadu da bukatun.
3. Ko yanayin waje ya canza, ko kuma ya shafi lafiyar zirga-zirga da masu tafiya a ƙasa.
4, Duba kaya na kowane feeder, ko uku-lokaci load ne daidaita ko overloaded, ko sauyawa bude da kuma rufe matsayi, kayan aiki nuni ne daidai, da kuma ko kula da na'urar aiki kullum.
5, kura kau da akwatin transformer: ciki na akwatin gidan wuta za a tsabtace kowace sauran shekara.Za a iya goge fuskar bangon hukuma da akwatin akwatin gas na ɗakunan HV da LV da rigar rigar.Za a tsaftace taranfomar da ke cikin dakin tafofi da busa iska ko mai tara ƙura.
6. Kulawa da yau da kullun na fan duba aikin fan.Idan bai yi aiki ba, yi amfani da mai kula da zafin jiki da zafi don daidaita shi ƙasa da yanayin zafin da ake ciki kuma fara fan don dubawa.
7, Maintenance da kuma gyara na lantarki aiki inji na high-ƙarfin wutar lantarki canji da low-ƙarfin lantarki canji.
(1) Duba ko mai nunin barometer yana cikin koren wuri.Idan yana cikin wurin ja, buɗe kuma rufe barometer.Nan da nan sanar da masana'anta don magance shi.
(2) Domin lubrication na inji sassa, general lithium man shafawa (maiko) za a iya amfani da bude da kuma rufe aiki gwajin bayan lubrication.
(3) Gwajin na yau da kullun na kebul da mai kama walƙiya bisa ga buƙatun gwajin yau da kullun, gwajin rufewa da gwajin ɗigogi na yanzu za a gudanar da kebul da kama walƙiya.
8, Gwajin taimako na yau da kullun: gwaji na yau da kullun na zazzabi da mai kula da zafi;Gwaji na yau da kullun na na'urar ƙararrawa hayaƙi;Haɗawa da dubawa na tsiri mai ƙarewa: ɗaurewa da duba daidaitattun sassa.
9, Maintenance na m tsiri: da m tsiri iya zama sako-sako da saboda thermal fadada da sanyi contraction.Duk tashoshi a cikin dakin tasha za a sabunta su yayin binciken sintiri na shekara-shekara.Lura: kafin sake kunnawa, da fatan za a tabbatar da cewa ana kashe firamare ac da da'irar sarrafawa ta biyu don guje wa girgiza wutar lantarki!
10, Precautions don kiyaye akwatin irin substation
(1) Ƙofar tashar nau'in akwatin tana sanye da na'urar tabbatar da iska, wanda shine hanyar tabbatar da cewa an kiyaye ta cikin cikakkiyar yanayin buɗewa.Lokacin rufe kofar tashar nau'in akwatin, dole ne a ɗaga tushen injin tabbatar da iska, sannan ba za a iya jan ƙofar da injina don hana nakasar injin ko ƙofar ba, wanda zai shafi yadda aka saba amfani da nau'in akwatin. tashar tashar!
(2) Bayan an gama aikin jagora na gida na babban maɓalli mai ɗaukar nauyi, sanya madaidaicin mai aiki na kayan aiki da baya akan madaidaicin hannun cikin ƙofar waje don guje wa asara.
(3)Lokacin da ba a haɗa da'irar ma'aunin ma'aunin wutar lantarki na babban majalisar ba a halin yanzu, za a kulle da'irar madadin kafin a kunna babbar majalisar zobe, ko kuma a toshe mariƙin na USB tare da abin da ya dace. insulating hula don kauce wa hadurra!
(4) Kurar hula sanye take da babban ma'aunin zobe lokacin da akwatin gidan wuta ya bar masana'anta ba zai iya maye gurbin hular insulating ba!
(5) Ba a yarda a saka kowane filogi na gajeren lokaci a cikin ramin gwajin yayin aiki ba.In ba haka ba, firikwensin wutar lantarki zai lalace.
(6) Ƙarƙashin haɗin wutar lantarki na iya aiki ne kawai lokacin da yake cikin wurin buɗewa.Kar a ja shi da karfi
Daidaitaccen aiki na tashar nau'in akwatin
1. Rufe aiki
Rufe ƙofar dakin kebul --- raba maɓallin ƙasa --- rufe maɓallin kaya.
2. Bude aiki
Ware maɓalli na kaya --- rufe maɓallin ƙasa --- buɗe ƙofar ɗakin ɗakin USB.
Bayanan kula yayin aiki
(1) Lokacin aiwatar da aikin buɗewa da rufewa na maɓallin ɗaukar nauyi, dole ne a tura mai canzawa zuwa wurin buɗewa na ƙarshe ko rufewa.Kar a saki ko cire hannun mai aiki kafin mai kunnawa ya kammala aikinsa, in ba haka ba sakewar bazara zai cutar da mai aiki.
(2) Yayin budewa da rufewa na kayan aiki na kaya, za a juya hannun mai aiki a waje don hana rauni ga masu aiki.
(3) Kafin aiwatar da aikin buɗewa da rufewa na maɓallin ɗaukar nauyi, dole ne a fitar da kullin maɓallin lantarki na hannun hagu na sama na rukunin madaidaicin kuma a jujjuya 90 ° zuwa matsayin jagora kafin aikin na'urar mai ɗaukar nauyi. ana iya aiwatar da shi, in ba haka ba na'urar zata iya lalacewa.
Dalilai da warware matsalar al'amuran kuskure
(1)Ba za a iya rufe firam ɗin kewayawa ba
1.Control kewaye gazawar.
2.Bayan da mai hankali saki ayyuka, da ja button a kan panel ba ya sake saita.
3.Energy ajiya inji ba ya adana makamashi
Hanyar cirewa
1.Duba wurin buɗewa tare da multimeter.
2.Nemi dalilin tatsewa kuma danna maɓallin sake saiti bayan gyara matsala.
3.Manual ko lantarki ajiyar makamashi.
(2) Ba za a iya rufe abin da aka ƙera ba
1.The inji ba a sake saita bayan tripping.
2.The circuit breaker sanye take da undervoltage coil kuma babu wutar lantarki a karshen mai shigowa.
Hanyar cirewa
1. Nemo dalilin tatsewa kuma sake saitawa bayan gyara matsala
2.Electrify ƙarshen mai shigowa, sake saita hannun, sannan kunna.
(3)Ma’ajiya mai jujjuyawa tana tafiya idan an rufe ta.
Akwai gajeriyar kewayawa a cikin da'ira mai fita
Hanyar cirewa
Ba a yarda a kunna akai-akai ba.Dole ne a gano laifin kuma a sake rufewa bayan gyara matsala.
(4) The capacitor majalisar ba zai iya rama ta atomatik.
1.The ikon samar da iko kewaye bace.
2.Layin sigina na yanzu ba a haɗa shi daidai ba.
Hanyar cirewa
Duba da'irar sarrafawa kuma mayar da wutar lantarki.
Gina tashar nau'in akwatin
Gina na'urar ƙasa a cikin tashar nau'in akwatin
1. Akwatin nau'in tashar tashar yana kewaye da grid mai ƙasa, wanda aka haɗa da grid na ƙasa na gine-ginen da ke kewaye.
2, The binne zurfin da waldi bukatun na grounding na'urorin za su hadu da zane bukatun da kuma dacewa bayani dalla-dalla.
3, Bayan grounding na'urar da aka shigar, da grounding juriya za a iya gwada kawai a cikin rana weather da kuma lokacin da ƙasa zafi kai dalla-dalla.Idan akwai na'urar saukar da ƙasa wadda ƙimar juriyar ƙasa ba ta cika buƙatun ba, za a ƙara madaidaicin lantarki da bas ɗin ƙasa kamar yadda ake buƙata har sai ƙimar juriyar ƙasa ta cika buƙatun ƙira.
4. Haɗin kai tsakanin na'urar ƙasa da kayan aiki zai zama abin dogaro da kyau.
Shigarwa da gina tashar nau'in akwatin waje
1, Aikace-aikace don yarda: oda daidai kayan da kayan aiki bisa ga bukatun akwatin irin substation zane zane da kuma amfani da buƙatun bayar da akwatin irin substation manufacturer, da kuma samar da kayan aiki model ga ikon samar da sashen domin yarda kafin oda da gidajen wuta. a cikin akwati irin substation.
2, Wiring: m mai shigowa batu na samar da wutar lantarki za a ƙaddara ta wurin bincike, da kuma m ikon samun yi makirci za a shirya.
3, Saka: gudanar da kafuwar ginin akwatin irin substation, da kuma embed m aka gyara da na USB kariya karfe bututu.
3, shigarwa: bayan kafuwar ya kai fiye da 70% na ƙarfin ƙira, akwatin nau'in substation za a bincika kafin isa wurin.Bayan kammala kayan haɗi, kayan aiki suna cikin yanayi mai kyau, kuma babu lalata ko lalacewa na inji, ana iya shigar da kayan aiki.A cikin wannan tsari, har yanzu ya kamata mu mai da hankali ga kula da tushe.
5, Inspection: bayan gina akwatin irin substation da aka kammala, da ginin naúrar za ta farko gudanar da wani kai daidaitacce da kai dubawa na kayan aiki, sa'an nan kuma kai rahoto ga gwaji sashen tare da gwajin cancantar amincewa da ginin naúrar ya shiga cikin site. don gwada tashar nau'in akwatin.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-08-2022